Bishnupriya Manipuri Transliteration Mapping Charts
Bishnupriya Manipuri Transliteration Mapping Charts: BPM → Latin (IAST-like), Latin → ASCII, and BPM → IPA (base mapping).
Project conventions (summary)
ং in ASCII is rendered as ng.ৃ in ASCII is rendered as ri.্য behaves like য় (y) in all conversions.- Non-Tatsama defaults:
জ্ঞ → gg (not gy), ক্ষ → kkh in Latin, IPA uses ɡɡ / kkʰ.
ঽ is normalized to apostrophe '; ওয় is treated as ৱ.
BPM → Latin (IAST-like)
Independent vowels
| BPM | Latin |
|---|
| অ | a |
| আ | ā |
| ই | i |
| ঈ | ī |
| উ | u |
| ঊ | ū |
| ঋ | ṛ |
| এ | e |
| ঐ | ai |
| ও | o |
| ঔ | au |
Vowel signs
| BPM | Latin |
|---|
| া | ā |
| ি | i |
| ী | ī |
| ু | u |
| ূ | ū |
| ৃ | ṛ |
| ে | e |
| ৈ | ai |
| ো | o |
| ৌ | au |
Consonants
| BPM | Latin | BPM | Latin |
|---|
| ক | ka | খ | kha |
| গ | ga | ঘ | gha |
| ঙ | ṅa | চ | ca |
| ছ | chha | জ | ja |
| ঝ | jha | ঞ | ña |
| ট | ṭa | ঠ | ṭha |
| ড | ḍa | ঢ | ḍha |
| ণ | ṇa | ত | ta |
| থ | tha | দ | da |
| ধ | dha | ন | na |
| প | pa | ফ | pha |
| ব | ba | ভ | bha |
| ম | ma | য | ya |
| য়/্য | ya | র | ra |
| ল | la | ৱ | wa |
| শ | śa | ষ | ṣa |
| স | sa | হ | ha |
| ড় | ṛa | ঢ় | ṛha |
| ৎ | t | ং/ঁ/ঃ | ṃ / ̃ / ḥ |
Note: Latin shows consonants with inherent a for readability; your converter applies vowel/virama context.
Special conjuncts (Tatsama option)
| Conjunct | Non-Tatsama (default) | Tatsama ON | Notes |
|---|
| ক্ষ | kkh | kṣ | Default uses BPM-style kkh; Tatsama uses Sanskrit kṣ. |
| জ্ঞ | gg | jñ | Project default: gg (not gy). |
| স্ব | ś (often like শ) | sw | May be overridden by Ba-fala rules and context. |
Latin → ASCII Roman
Latin → ASCII replacements
| Latin | ASCII |
|---|
ā | aa |
ī | ii |
ū | uu |
ṛ | ri |
ṅ | ng |
ś, ṣ | sh |
ṃ | ng |
ḥ | h |
BPM → IPA (base mapping)
Important
- IPA uses inherent vowel
ɔ and BPM phonology rules (final schwa + Ba-fala).
- This is the base chart; code applies context rules for real output.
Base mapping
| BPM | IPA | BPM | IPA |
|---|
| অ | ɔ | আ/া | aː |
| ই/ি | i | ঈ/ী | iː |
| উ/ু | u | ঊ/ূ | uː |
| ঋ/ৃ | ri | এ/ে | e |
| ঐ/ৈ | oi | ও/ো | o |
| ঔ/ৌ | ou | ং | ŋ |
| ক | k | খ | kʰ |
| গ | ɡ | ঘ | ɡʰ |
| চ | t͡ʃ | ছ | t͡ʃʰ |
| জ | d͡ʒ | ঝ | d͡ʒʱ |
| ট | ʈ | ঠ | ʈʰ |
| ড | ɖ | ঢ | ɖʱ |
| ত | t | থ | tʰ |
| দ | d | ধ | dʱ |
| প | p | ফ | pʰ |
| ব | b | ভ | bʱ |
| ম | m | ন | n |
| র | r | ল | l |
| ড় | ɽ | ঢ় | ɽʱ |
| য়/্য | y | য | d͡ʒ |
| শ/ষ | ʃ | স | s |
| হ | h | ৎ | t |
Special conjuncts
| Conjunct | IPA (default) | Notes |
|---|
| ক্ষ | kkʰ | Non-Tatsama default. |
| জ্ঞ | ɡɡ | Project default (not gy). |
| স্ব | ʃ (default) / sʋ (Tatsama) | Depends on Tatsama toggle. |
Last updated: 2026-04-03
